نقش اعضای هیأت علمی در ارزشیابی برنامه‌های درسی رشته های علوم انسانی دانشگاههای برتر ایران و جهان به منظور طراحی مقیاس مطلوب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری برنامه ریزی درسی، پژوهشگر و مدرّس دانشگاه جامع امام حسین(ع)، تهران، ایران

2 استاد برنامه ریزی درسی، گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

3 دانشیار برنامه ریزی درسی، گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

چکیده

هدف از پژوهش حاضر، بررسی نقش و جایگاه اعضای هیأت علمی در ارزشیابی برنامه‌های درسی دانشگاههای برتر کشور و جهان به منظور طراحی یک مقیاس ارزشیابی برنامۀ درسی ویژۀ اعضای هیأت علمی می‌باشد. پژوهش بصورت ترکیبی از نوع اکتشافی-متوالی در قالب ساخت ابزار می باشد. جامعۀ آماری شامل چهار گروه اعضای هیأت علمی و صاحبنظران برنامه ریزی درسی و دانشگاههای برتر دولتی، مسئولین مراکز مطالعات دانشگاههای برتر دولتی، مسئولین وزارت علوم و اسناد و مدارک دانشگاههای منتخب جهان بوده است. نمونه گیری بصورت هدفمند بوده است. ابزار جمع‌آوری داده‌ها مصاحبۀ نیمه سازمان یافته، تحلیل مستندات و مقیاس ارزشیابی برنامۀ درسی محقق ساخته بوده است. روائی مصاحبه با استفاده از نظرات متخصصان و پایائی آن با استفاده از فرم تحلیل محتوا، پیاده‌سازی مجدد و استفاده از گروه همتا بدست آمده است. روائی مقیاس بصورت محتوائی، اعتباریابی آن از طریق ضریب لاشه و همبستگی درونی گویه‌ها از طریق آلفای کرونباخ برآورد شده است. یافته‌ها نشان داد که در دانشگاه‌های معتبر جهان، اعضای هیأت علمی نقش کلیدی در فرایند ارزشیابی برنامه‌های درسی دارند. در مقایسه با آن، در دانشگاههای ایران، ذینفعان برنامه مشارکت محدودی در ارزشیابی برنامه های درسی دارند، لکن با توجه به بسترهای فراهم شده، اعضای هیأت علمی به نسبت سایر گروههای ذینفع، مشارکت بیشتری در ارزشیابی برنامه‌ها دارند. پاسخگویان مواردی نظیر دعوت رسمی از اعضای هیأت علمی، اجرای ارزشیابی های سالیانه، اجرای ساز وکارهای تشویقی و برگزاری نشست های مشورتی گروههای آموزشی با استادان را از جمله راهکارهای بهبود ارزشیابی برنامۀ درسی می دانند. با استفاده از داده‌های جمع‌آوری شده از دانشگاههای داخل و خارج کشور، یک مقیاس هشت حیطه‌ای اعتباریابی شده دارای60 گویه و 6 سئوال باز، برای ارزشیابی برنامۀ درسی از دیدگاه اعضای هیأت علمی تدوین گردیده است.

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