عناصر برنامه درسی پست مدرن در آموزش عالی ایران ، مزایا و معایب آن (مورد مطالعه: اعضای هیأت علمی دانشگاه تبریز)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیأت علمی گروه روش ها و برنامه های آموزشی و درسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان شناسی، دانشگاه تهران

2 دانشجوی دکتری برنامه ریزی درسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان شناسی، دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی عناصر برنامه درسی پست مدرن در آموزش عالی ایران انجام گرفته است. این پژوهش با رویکرد کیفی و در دو بخش انجام گرفته است. در بخش اول برای پاسخ به سؤال اول پژوهش، از روش سنتزپژوهی و در بخش دوم برای پاسخ به سؤال دوم و سوم، از روش پدیدارشناسی از نوع توصیفی استفاده شده است. ابزار مورد استفاده در بخش دوم، مصاحبه نیمه ساختار یافته بود. نمونه مورد نظر از میان اعضای هیأت علمی دانشگاه تبریز و به شیوه هدفمند انتخاب شده است. مضامین به دست آمده از مصاحبه‌ها شامل: اهداف ثابت، محتوای نیمه منعطف، روش های یاددهی-یادگیری مشارکتی و پروژه محور و ارزشیابی ترکیبی نشان می‌دهند که عناصر برنامه درسی پست مدرن در سه عنصر محتوا، روش‌های یاددهی-یادگیری و ارزشیابی در برنامه درسی آموزش عالی ایران، تا حدودی نفوذ کرده است ولی در عنصر اهداف، نفوذ محسوسی نداشته است و این عنصر در آموزش عالی، شکل سنتی خود را حفظ کرده است. همچنین مضامین "کثرت‌گرایی، پذیرش شکاکیت نسبت به دین و اخلاق و پوچ‌گرایی" به عنوان معایب پست مدرن و "اشاعه‌ی فرهنگ‌ها، توجه به تفاوت‌ها و پرورش نگاه انتقادی" به عنوان مزایای نفوذ پست مدرن در برنامه درسی آموزش عالی ایران معرفی شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


Abedini alavi, H & Nili ahmadabadi, M & Neyestani, M & Liyaghatdar, M. (2021). Clarifying the goals of the curriculum based on teacher-researcher training at Farhangian University. Scientific Journal of Education Technology. 15(2). {in Persian}
 
Ahanchiyan, M. (2003). Education in postmodern conditions. Tehran: Tahuri Publications. {in Persian}
 
Aminkhandaghi, M & Ghaderi, S. (2015). Postmodern Curriculum in the Critical Crucible. Research paper on the basics of education. 5(1), 5-29. {in Persian}
 
Bagheri, KH. (1996). Education in the perspective of postmodernism. Psychology and Educational Sciences. 10(17), 63-85. {in Persian}
 
Banoobhai, M. (2012). Critical reflection: tools for curriculum implementation and innovation. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 47.
 
Beyramipur, A & Bakhtiyar nasrabadi, H & Hashemi, S. (2010). Postmodernism and curriculum reforms. New educational approaches. 5(1). 31-65. {in Persian}
 
Cooper. H, Hedges.L.V, Jeffrecy.G.V. (2009). The handbook of  research synthesis and Meta-Analysis, second edition, ISBN: 978-0-87154-163-5.
  
Dehbanipur, R & Khorrampur, Y. (2016). Investigating the components of postmodernism and its related factors (case study: youth of Yazd). Quarterly journal of socio-cultural development studies. 4(4), 53-77. {in Persian}
 
Eisner, E. W. ( 2000). Those who ignore the past 12 ‘easy’ lessons for the next millennium. Journal of Curriculum Studies,32(2), 343-357.
 
Eisner, E. (2010). The Educational Imagination. (Gh. Khoynezhad & M. Mehrmohammadi, Trans.) In Mehrmohammadi & colleagues. Curriculum: Theories, Aproaches and Prespectives (2ed edition) (pp. 112-147). Tehran, SAMT & Mashhad, Behnash Press. (In Persian)
 
Farmahini farahani, M. (2004). Postmodernism and education. Tehran: Ayineh publication. {in Persian}
 
Ghaderi, M. (2010). Thinking about a solution to the problem of the destruction of choice in the curriculum of postmodernism. New educational ideas. 5(2). {in Persian}
 
Giroux, H., Penna, A., & Pinar, W. (2010). Curriculum and Instruction. (M. Sharif, Trans.) In M. Mehrmohammadi & colleagues. Curriculum: Theories, Aproaches and Prespectives (2ed edition) (pp. 61-72). Tehran: SAMT & Mashhad, Behnashr Press. (In Persian)
 
Graig Kridel. (2010). Encycopedia of Curriculum Studies, Sage publication Inc.
 
Harkin, J. (1998). In Deffence of The Modarnist project In Education, Journal of Education studies.
 
Karimi, M & Naderi, E & Seyf naraghi, M. (2017). Postmodern curriculum model and its application in Iran's nursing education system (model design and evaluation). Journal of nursing education. 6(3). {in Persian}
 
 Lindstrom, M. (2020). The COVID-19 pandemic and the Swedish strategy: Epidemiology
and postmodernism. Social Medicine and Health Policy, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmo, Lund University, S-205 02, Malmo Sweden. journal homepage: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/ssmph. 
 
Lyotard, J, F .(1984). The post modern condition: AReport on knowledge, Manchester university.
 
Marzughi, R. (2016). Postmodernism and curriculum. Iranian encyclopedia of curriculum. Axis 8: theories and views. {in Persian}
 
Macdonald, D. (2003). Curriculum change and the post- modern world􀯗: Is the school curriculum-reform movement an anachronism􀯗? OP-ED. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 35(2), 37˚41.
 
MacGregor, S. (1992). Postmodernism, art education and art educators. ERIC digests.
 
Marsh, C. J. (2009). Key Concepts for Understanding Curriculum. London: Taylor & Francis Routledge.
 
Mohammadi, M. A., & Abdolkarimi, B. (2005). We and Post Modernism: Critique and review of Postmodernism Discours. Tehran: Jahad Daneshgahi’s Institute of Humanities and Social Studies. (In Persian)
 
Mostafa farkhani, M & Rajabpur farkhani, S & Rajabpur farkhani, M. (2016). Explaining the characteristics of postmodernism higher education curriculum and criticizing it based on the opinions of Islamic thinkers (with emphasis on Tabatabai's opinions). International conference of psychology, educational and behavioral sciences. 12 & 13 July 2016, Tehran. {in Persian}
 
Pinar, W. (1996). Understanding curriculum. New York: Peterlang Publishing, Inc.
 
Rabbani, R & Badri, E. (2008). Analysis of postmodern educational perspectives. Islamic Revolution research journal. 7(15), 35-59. {in Persian}
 
Scott, P. (2012). Postmodernity and the university. https://www.researchgate.net/publication /274016226.
 
Shekari, A & Ahmadabadi arani, N & Fattahi, N. (2014). Border education and training with an emphasis on the educational implications of Giro's art in educational developments. Research paper on the basics of education. 4(1). {in Persian}
 
Slattery, P. (2006). Curriculum development in the postmodern era. New York: Garland.
 
Slattery, P. (2013). Curriculum Development in the Postmodern Era: Teaching and Learning in an Age of Accountability. New York: Routledge.
 
Sohrabi, O & Zeynalipur, H & Hemmati, A & Samavi, A. (2021). Presenting the proposed model of the communication of uncertainties in the fields related to the curriculum of higher education. Research in curriculum planning. 2(41). {in Persian}
 
Stuever, N. L. (2009). Review Article: A post-modern perspective on curriculum. Journal of Teaching and Learning. 6(1). 87-90.
 
Taifu, Lv. Linyi University, Linyi .Shandong. (2014) The research on Chinese college curriculum reform based on post-modern curriculum theories. 2nd International Conference on Education Technology and Information System (ICETIS).
 
Vafayi, R & Maleki, H & Alipur, M. (2017). Investigating the position of curriculum elements in the postmodern perspective and criticizing it from the perspective of the basics of Islamic education. Research in Islamic education issues. 25(35), 69-90. {in Persian}
 
Walker, D. F. (2010). Curriculum theory is many things to many people. (H. AmirTaimori, Trans.) In Mehrmohammadi & colleagues. Curriculum: Theories, Aproaches and Prespectives (2ed edition) (pp. 84-95). Tehran, SAMT & Mashhad, Behnash Press. (In Persian)
 
Wright J, Macdonald D, Groom L. (2016). young people and therein gagement in physical culture. Sport, education and society. J Philos Educ.
2016, 8(1): 17-.43
Banoobhai, M. (2012). Critical reflection: tools for curriculum implementation and innovation. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 47.
 
Cooper. H, Hedges.L.V, Jeffrecy.G.V. (2009). The handbook of  research synthesis and Meta-Analysis, second edition, ISBN: 978-0-87154-163-5.  
 
Eisner, E. W. ( 2000). Those who ignore the past 12 ‘easy’ lessons for the next millennium. Journal of Curriculum Studies,32(2), 343-357.
 
Eisner, E. (2010). The Educational Imagination. (Gh. Khoynezhad & M. Mehrmohammadi, Trans.) In Mehrmohammadi & colleagues. Curriculum: Theories, Aproaches and Prespectives (2ed edition) (pp. 112-147). Tehran, SAMT & Mashhad, Behnash Press. (In Persian)
 
Giroux, H., Penna, A., & Pinar, W. (2010). Curriculum and Instruction. (M. Sharif, Trans.) In M. Mehrmohammadi & colleagues. Curriculum: Theories, Aproaches and Prespectives (2ed edition) (pp. 61-72). Tehran: SAMT & Mashhad, Behnashr Press. (In Persian)
 
Graig Kridel. (2010). Encycopedia of Curriculum Studies, Sage publication Inc.
 
Harkin, J. (1998). In Deffence of The Modarnist project In Education, Journal of Education studies.
 
Lindstrom, M. (2020). The COVID-19 pandemic and the Swedish strategy: Epidemiology
and postmodernism. Social Medicine and Health Policy, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmo, Lund University, S-205 02, Malmo Sweden. journal homepage: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/ssmph.
 
Lyotard, J, F. (1984). The post modern condition: AReport on knowledge, Manchester university.
 
Macdonald, D. (2003). Curriculum change and the post- modern world􀯗: Is the school curriculum-reform movement an anachronism􀯗? OP-ED. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 35(2), 37˚41.
 
MacGregor, S. (1992). Postmodernism, art education and art educators. ERIC digests.
 
Marsh, C. J. (2009). Key Concepts for Understanding Curriculum. London: Taylor & Francis Routledge.
 
Mohammadi, M. A., & Abdolkarimi, B. (2005). We and Post Modernism: Critique and review of Postmodernism Discours. Tehran: Jahad Daneshgahi’s Institute of Humanities and Social Studies. (In Persian)
 
Pinar, W. (1996). Understanding curriculum. New York: Peterlang Publishing, Inc.
 
Scott, P. (2012). Postmodernity and the university. https://www.researchgate.net/publication /274016226.
 
Slattery, P. (2006). Curriculum development in the postmodern era. New York: Garland.
 
Slattery, P. (2013). Curriculum Development in the Postmodern Era: Teaching and Learning in an Age of Accountability. New York: Routledge.
 
Stuever, N. L. (2009). Review Article: A post-modern perspective on curriculum. Journal of Teaching and Learning. 6(1). 87-90.
 
Taifu, Lv. Linyi University, Linyi .Shandong. (2014) The research on Chinese college curriculum reform based on post-modern curriculum theories. 2nd International Conference on Education Technology and Information System (ICETIS).
 
Walker, D. F. (2010). Curriculum theory is many things to many people. (H. AmirTaimori, Trans.) In Mehrmohammadi & colleagues. Curriculum: Theories, Aproaches and Prespectives (2ed edition) (pp. 84-95). Tehran, SAMT & Mashhad, Behnash Press. (In Persian)
 
Wright J, Macdonald D, Groom L. (2016). young people and therein gagement in physical culture. Sport, education and society. J Philos Educ. 2016, 8(1): 17-34.