Developing A Model for Required Mathematics Knowledge of Elementary Teachers

Document Type : Research Paper

Abstract

Investigating the required knowledge for elementary teachers to teach mathematics, has a top priority of research in the field of mathematics teacher education. The reason is that all higher education institutes who have elementary education program leading to a professional degree or teacher certificate, are dealing with prospective elementary teachers who are generalists in nature and yet, responsible to set the foundation of mathematics learning of school children. Thus, the professional pre- service and in- service of them is drastically different with those, who are subject specialists. Therefore, the main purpose of this research was to identify the essential mathematics knowledge for elementary teachers. So, a study was designed at three phase. At the 1st phase, a model was designed based of evidences from the research literature. At the 2nd phase, five questionnaires were developed based on the components of this model and were administered on 30 volunteer practicing elementary teachers. At the final phase, a focus group with same teachers was formed independent from other data. The analysis of the data collected via focus group, supported the findings from the analysis of the data gathered through five questionnaires. At the end, the model was modified. In this paper, part of this study is presented.

Keywords


علوم برای تمام آمریکایی­ها. (1997). مترجمان: زهرا گویا و نرگس مرتاضی مهربانی.مجله رشد آموزش ریاضی. شماره76. صص. 11-4. دفتر انتشارات کمک آموزشی. سازمان پژوهش و برنامه­ریزی. وزارت آموزش و پرورش.
گویا، ز. (1380). توسعه حرفه­ای معلمان ریاضی، یک ضرورت. مجله رشد آموزش ریاضی. شمارة 64. صص. 8-4. دفتر انتشارات کمک آموزشی. سازمان پژوهش و برنامه­ریزی. وزارت آموزش و پرورش.
گویا، ز. (1384). دانش ریاضی مورد نیاز برای تدریس در دوره­های ابتدایی. مجله رشد آموزش ریاضی. شمارة 80. صص. 23-30. دفتر انتشارات کمک آموزشی. سازمان پژوهش و برنامه­ریزی. وزارت آموزش و پرورش.
غلام­آزاد، س. (1386). موضوعات مطالعاتی در آموزش ریاضی ایران. مجله رشد آموزش ریاضی. شماره89. صص. 33-28. دفتر انتشارات کمک آموزشی. سازمان پژوهش و برنامه­ریزی. وزارت آموزش و پرورش.
 
Ball. D. (2003).Teachers' Mathematical Knowledge: Its Development and Use in Teaching. Mathematical Proficiency for all Students: Toward a Strategic research and development Program in Mathematics education/ RAND Mathematics study Panel, Deborah Ball; Chair (pp. 15-27). RAND.
Ball. D, Thames. M, Phelps. G. (2008). Content Knowledge for Teaching: What Makes it Special.Math Teacher Education. pp. 389-407.
Bass, H. (2004). Mathematics, Mathematicians, and Mathematics Education. First Plenary Lecture of the 10th International Congress on Mathematical Education. 4-11 July, 2004, Denmark.
Clements, M. A. (2008). Australasian mathematics education research 2004-2007: An overview. In H. Forgasz, A. Barkatsas, A. Bishop, B. Clarke, S. Keast, W.T. Seah, P. Sullivan, & S.Willis (Eds.);Research in Mathematics Education in Australasia 2004-2007 (pp. 337-356). The Netherlands: Sense Publishers.
Good, T. L.; Biddle, B. J. & Goodson, I. F. (1997). The Study of Teaching: Modern and Emerging Conceptions. In B. J. Biddle, T. L. Good & I. F. Goodson (Eds.) International Handbook of Teachers and Teaching. Part Two. Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Goos, M. (2009). Investigating the professional Learning and Development of Mathematics Teacher Educators: A Theoretical Discussion and Research Agenda. In R. Hunter, B. Bicknell, & T. Burgess (Eds.); Crossing divides: Proceedings of the 32nd annual conference of the Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia (Vol.1). Palmerston North, NZ: MERGA.
Jaworsky, B. (2006). Theory and practice in mathematics teaching development: critical inquiry as a mode of learning in teaching. Journal of Mathematics Teacher Education. pp.187-211.
Jaworsky, B. (2008). Development of Mathematics Teacher Educator and its Relation to Teaching Development. In T. Wood; B. Jaworski, K. Krainer, D. Tirosh & P. Sullivan (Eds.);The International Handbook of Mathematics Teacher Education. Vol. 1, pp.17-36. Bergen, Norway: International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education.
Krainer, K. (1996). Some Consideration on Problem and Perespective of Mathematics Teacher Education. In C.Alsina et al (Eds.); 8th International Congress on Mathematical Education. Selected Lectures. Sevilla (Spain): S. A. E. M Thales.
Krainer, K. (2000). Teacher Education as Research – A Trend in European Mathematics Teachers Education. University of Klagenfurt. Lecture at ICME 9, WGA 7, Tokyo, August 2000.
Krainer, k. Zehetmeier, S. (2011). Ways of Promoting the Sustainability of Mathematics Teachers’ Professional Development. ZDM Mathematics Education.
Ma, L. P. (1999). Knowing and Teaching Elementary Mathematics: Teachets' Understanding of Fundamental Mathematics in China and the Unites States. Mahwah, N J: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Shulman, L.S. (1986). Those who understand: Knowledge Growth in Teaching. Educational Researcher. Vol 15, No. 2, pp. 4-14. American Educational Research Association: AERA.
Shulman, L.S. (1987). Knowledge and Teaching: Foundations of the new reform. Harvard Educational Review, (57).pp.1-23.
Timperley, H. (2011). Realized the Power of Professional Learning. Open University Press.
White, A.; Jaworski, B.; Agudelo- Valderrama, C.; & Gooya, Z. (2010). Teachers learning from teachers. In M. A. (Ken) Clements; A. Bishop; C. Keitel; J. Kilpatrick & F. Leung. (Eds.); Third International Handbook of Mathematics Education. Springer.