مهندسی مجدد ساخت و محتوای برنامه‌ درس «مکاتب فلسفی و آراء تربیتی» دوره‌ کارشناسی ارشد تاریخ و فلسفه آموزش و پرورش

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر به دنبال این است که با مهندسی مجدد ساخت و محتوای برنامه درس «مکاتب فلسفی و آراء تربیتی» دوره‌ کارشناسی ارشد تاریخ و فلسفه آموزش و پرورش، محتوای جدیدی برای درس مذکور با تأکید بر اسلامی‌سازی دروس علوم انسانی در دانشگاه‌های کشور مورد بررسی قرار دهد. در این پژوهش از روش ترکیبی با رویکرد اکتشافی متوالی استفاده شد. ابتدا در مرحله کیفی به روش تحلیل اسنادی، نه با هدف مقایسه و تطبیق نظام های آموزشی، بلکه با هدف تحلیل و کشف ماهیت حوزه آموزشی در زمینه مکتب های فلسفی و آرای تربیتی، وضعیت موجود ساخت و محتوای برنامه درسی مکاتب فلسفی و آرای تربیتی در دانشگاه های داخلی و خارجی پیشرو در عرصه فلسفه تعلیم و تربیت نظیر؛ امریکا، استرالیا و کانادا بررسی گردید. سپس به روش توصیفی- پیمایشی و باتوجه به نقطه نظرات حاصل از نمونه آماری مورد مطالعه شامل: انتخاب 76 نفر از اعضای هیأت علمی بصورت تمام شماری و 290 نفر از دانشجویان دانشگاه‌های داخلی؛ دولتی، آزاد و پیام نور بصورت تصادفی خوشه ای، از طریق دو نوع پرسشنامه مجزا محقق ساخته که پایایی آنها با استفاده از فرمول «آلفای کرونباخ» به ترتیب به میزان 953/0 و 896/0 درصد برآورد شده بود، محتوای جدیدی برای درس مذکور مشخص گردید. در نهایت، صرف نظر از ریشه های فرهنگی برنامه درسی مد نظر در کشورهای پیشرو و فاصله معنادار محتوایی و مفهومی آن با دانشگاه های ایران، یافته‌های این مطالعه نشان می‌دهد که وضعیت موجود «ساخت» و «محتوا» در برنامه درسی مورد مطالعه پاسخگوی شرایط و نیازهای کنونی و متناسب با اسلامی‌بودن نیازهای دانشجویان نیست و ایجاد تغییراتی در ساخت و مفاهیم عمده درس «مکاتب فلسفی و آرای تربیتی» مطابق با الگوی پیشنهادی حاصل از این پژوهش ضروری است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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